Short answer. Technical requirements for Israeli shelters and protected spaces are set by the Civil Defence (Shelter Construction Specifications) Regulations 1990 and their amendments, notably March 1992, which define the engineering specification, including sealing against chemical warfare agents 1. Israeli Standard SI 4422 Part 2, published in April 2019, covers metalwork items for protected spaces, such as external blast-protection elements and gas-tight windows 2.
Which texts define a protected space?
Two documents are central:
| Text | What it covers |
|---|---|
| תקנות ההתגוננות האזרחית (מפרטים לבניית מקלטים), התש"ן-1990 — Civil Defence (Shelter Construction Specifications) Regulations 1990 | Engineering specification for shelters and protected spaces (mamad, mamak, mamam), including sealing against chemical warfare agents 1 |
| ת"י 4422 חלק 2 — Israeli Standard SI 4422 Part 2, 2019 | Metalwork items for protected spaces: requirements and testing; also external blast-protection elements and gas-tight windows that incorporate them, but not internal security windows 2 |
The 1990 regulations have been amended; the March 1992 amendment is the one that made protected spaces part of new housing 1. See building a shelter for that obligation.
What does SI 4422 Part 2 cover?
SI 4422 Part 2 is published by the Standards Institution of Israel. It sets requirements and tests for metalwork items in protected spaces 2. Its scope includes external blast-protection elements and the gas-tight windows that incorporate them; internal security windows are outside its scope 2. The April 2019 edition replaced the 2015 edition 2.
Is the standard mandatory?
The Standards Institution's page used for this guide does not say whether SI 4422 Part 2 is mandatory 2. What is clear is that the overall protected space must be approved: the Home Front Command's approval of the building plan is a condition of the building permit 1. Ask your engineer or the Home Front Command which items must carry the standard in your project.
How is compliance checked?
Through the building permit. The local planning and building committee issues a permit only after the Home Front Command confirms that the plan includes a protected space built to the regulations 1. SI 4422 Part 2 then defines how metalwork items are tested 2. Beyond these points, the sources used here do not describe a separate product certification procedure.
Why are the technical details not on this page?
Phaenyx does not publish structural or construction instructions. The specification is technical and binding, and the design of a protected space belongs to a qualified engineer working with the local committee and the Home Front Command. Our general guides on NBC filtration, shelter ventilation and protection factor explain the concepts behind sealing and protection, without replacing Israeli rules.
Frequently asked questions
Do the regulations cover chemical threats?
Yes. The 1990 regulations and their amendments include sealing protected spaces against chemical warfare agents 1.
Is a protected-space window covered by SI 4422 Part 2?
Gas-tight windows that incorporate external blast-protection elements are within its scope; internal security windows are not 2.
Where can I read the standard?
Its reference page is on the Standards Institution of Israel website 2.
Who sets shelter standards in Israel?
The engineering specification is set by the 1990 Civil Defence regulations, and the Home Front Command approves building plans against it 1; the Standards Institution of Israel publishes product standards such as SI 4422 2.
Sources
- State Comptroller of Israel (מבקר המדינה) — מקלוט ומיגון לאוכלוסייה האזרחית - ממצאי מעקב (דוח שנתי 48) — https://library.mevaker.gov.il/sites/DigitalLibrary/Pages/Reports/2905-92.aspx (accessed 2026-10-20)
- Standards Institution of Israel (מכון התקנים הישראלי) — ת"י 4422 חלק 2 – פריטי מסגרות למקלטים: פריטים למרחבים מוגנים - דרישות ובדיקות — https://www.sii.org.il/lobby/standardization/standard-page?id=6067 (accessed 2026-10-20)
Turn this into action
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- Phaenyx Safe: one tap to tell your people you are safe
Sources
- State Comptroller of Israel (מבקר המדינה) · מקלוט ומיגון לאוכלוסייה האזרחית - ממצאי מעקב (דוח שנתי 48) checked 2026-10-20
- Standards Institution of Israel (מכון התקנים הישראלי) · ת"י 4422 חלק 2 – פריטי מסגרות למקלטים: פריטים למרחבים מוגנים - דרישות ובדיקות checked 2026-10-20